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Scientific American: Illusion
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00119_Field_frep46.txt
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1996-12-30
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The fibers coming to the
cortex from the lateral
geniculate body enter from the
white matter. Running
diagonally, most make their
way up to layer 4C, branching
again and again, and finally
terminate by making synapses
with the stellate cells that
populate that layer. Axons
originating from the two
ventral (magnocellular)
geniculate layers end in the
upper half of 4C, called 4Ca;
those from the four dorsal
(parvocellular) geniculate
layers end in the lower half of
4C (4Cß). As you can see from the
diagram to the left, these
subdivisions of layer 4C have
different projections to the
upper layers: 4Ca sends its
output to 4B; 4Cß, to the deepest
part of 3. And those layers in
turn differ in their projections.
Seeing these differences in the
pathways stemming from the
two sets of geniculate layers is
one of many reasons to think
that they represent two
different systems. Most
pyramidal cells in layers 2, 3,
4A, 5, and 6 send axons out of
the cortex, but side-branches,
called "collaterals", of these
same descending axons connect
locally and help to distribute
the information through the
full cortical thickness.